Ontario, including the Greater Toronto Area, is currently facing an air quality warning issued by Environment Canada due to smoke drifting south from wildfires in northwestern Ontario.
The Canadian Lung Association emphasizes the severe health risks associated with wildfire smoke exposure, impacting not only those in close proximity but also individuals living hundreds of kilometers away. It states that there is no safe level of exposure to wildfire smoke.
To safeguard yourself and your family, here are some recommended precautions:
Environment Canada provides an online Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) for checking pollution levels in your area. A rating of 1-3 signifies low risk, 4-6 moderate risk, 7-10 high risk, and over 10 very high risk.
People with respiratory conditions, infants, young children, pregnant individuals, and seniors may experience health effects at lower pollution levels. It is advised to stay indoors with windows closed, especially if using air conditioning, ensuring it does not draw in outdoor air.
In the absence of air conditioning, seek shelter at places like libraries, shopping malls, or community cooling centers during poor air quality conditions. The use of N95, KN95, or KF94 masks can help reduce the inhalation of fine smoke particles, as recommended by the Public Health Agency of Canada.
These respirator masks provide a snug fit around the face, filtering out harmful particles more effectively than cloth or medical masks. Individuals experiencing heat stress while wearing a mask during extreme heat should prioritize staying cool.
Wildfire smoke contains gases that respirator masks cannot filter out entirely. They are not recommended for children under two or individuals with breathing difficulties.
For asthma management, ensure a supply of both “controller” and “reliever” medications. “Controller” medications, typically containing inhaled steroids, help prevent asthma attacks by reducing lung inflammation. “Reliever” medications, such as bronchodilators, are used during asthma exacerbations.
If experiencing severe symptoms like dizziness, chest pains, or difficulty breathing, seek immediate medical attention.
Investing in a high-quality air purifier with a HEPA filter or MERV rating of at least 13 is recommended. Alternatively, DIY air purifiers can be made using a box fan, MERV 13-rated filters, duct tape, and cardboard.